Ivanovo, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
Ivanovo, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
Ivanovo, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
Ivanovo, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
Ivanovo, Ivanovo, Russian Federation
UDK 616.62-003.7 Образование мочевых камней
This review deals with the analysis of our own and most important published data, focuses on physical chemical methods for studying the structure, quantitative chemical and mineralogical analysis of renal stones and the relationship of their physicochemical characteristics with the risk factors of urolithiasis, metabolic and genetic disorders occurring for a particular patient. We have shown that renal stones reveal a complex organization, can contain many chemical compounds, a number of which form stable mineralogical phases of a certain structure. The main types of urinary stones are considered and it is pointed out that the methods of analytical chemistry, elemental and X-ray spectral microanalysis can be used for studying the structure of renal calculi. However, they do not provide the information about their mineralogical composition and microstructure, which is important for diagnostic tasks. In contrast, the methods of scanning electron microscopy as well as the methods of polarization microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis reveal undeniable advantages for analyzing these species and allow to show how the information of texture of the stone surface and the appearance of certain mineralogical phases helps to clarify the cause of stone formation in the body and prescribe an appropriate treatment.
urolithiasis, high recurrence, classification and composition of renal stones, methods of analysis of mineralogical and chemical composition of calculi
1. Türk, C., Knoll, T., Petrik, A., Sarica, K., Skolarikos, A., Straub, M., Seitz, C. Guidelines on urolithiasis. EAU. 2019. 88 p.
2. Apolikhin, O.I., Sivkov, A.V., Komarova, V.A., Prosyannikov, M.YU., Golovanov, S.A., Kazachenko, A.V., Nikushina, A.A., Shaderkina, V.A. Zabolevaemost' mochekamennoi bolezn'yu v Rossiiskoi Federatsii (2005-2016 gg.). [Incidence of urolithiasis in the Russian Federation (2005-2016)] Ehksperimental'naya i klinicheskaya urologiya 2018. No. 4. Pp. 4-14 (in Russian)
3. Chewcharat A., Curhan G. Trends in the prevalence of kidney stones in the United States from 2007 to 2016. Urolithiasis. 2020. P. 1-13. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-020-01210-w.
4. Turney B.W., Reynard J.M., Noble J.G., Keoghane S.R. Trends in urological stone disease. BJUInt. 2012. V. 109. N 7. P.1082-1087. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10495.x.
5. Prosyannikov, M.YU., Anokhin, N.V., Golovanov, S.A., Kirpatovskii, V.I., Sivkov, A.V., Konstantinova, O.V., Ivanov, K.V., Apolokhin, O.I. Mochekamennaya bolezn' I serdechno-sosudistye zabolevaniya: tol'ko statisticheskay asvyaz' ili obshchnost' patogeneticheskikh mekhanizmov? [Urolithiasis and cardiovascular disease: only statistical relationship or common pathogenetic mechanisms?] Ehksperimental'naya i klinicheskaya urologiya. 2018. No. 3. P. 35-41 (in Russian)
6. Yu Z., Yue W., Jiuzhi L., Youtao J., Guofei Z., Wenbin G. The risk of bladder cancer in patients with urinary calculi: a meta-analysis. Urolithiasis. 2018. V. 46. N 6. P. 573–579. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-017-1033-7
7. Straub M., Strohmaier W.L., Berg W., Beck B., Hoppe B., Laube N., Lahme S., Schmidt M., Hesse A., Koehrmann K.U. Diagnosis and metaphylaxis of stone disease. Consensus concept of the national working committee on stone disease for the upcoming German urolithiasis guideline. WJUrol. 2005. V. 23. N 5. P. 309-323. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-005-0029-z.
8. Voshchula, V. I. Mochekamennaya bolezn': ehtiotropnoe I patogeneticheskoe lechenie, profilaktika. [Urolithiasis: etiotropic and pathogenetic treatment, prevention.] Minsk: VEHVEHR. 2006. 268 p. (in Russian)
9. Strohmaier W.L., Seilnacht J., Schubert G. Clinical significance of uric acid dihydrate in urinary stones. Urol Res. 2011. V. 39. N 5. P. 357-360. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-010-0356-4.
10. Trinchieri A., Castelnuovo Ch., Lizzano R., Zanetti G. Calcium stone disease: a multiform reality. Urol Res. 2005. V. 33. N 3. P. 194-198. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-004-0459-x
11. Daudon M., Bazin D., Jungers P., André G., Cousson A., Chevallier P., Veron E., Matzen G. Examination of whewellite kidney stones by scanning electron microscopy and powder neutron diffraction techniques. J. Appl. Cryst. 2009. V. 42. N 1. P. 109-115. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889808041277/fe5046Isup2.hkl
12. Kustov A.V., Strelnikov A.I. Quantitative mineralogical composition of calculi and urine abnormalities for calcium oxalate stone formers: a single-center results. Urol. J. 2018.V. 15.N 3. P. 87-91. DOI:https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v0i0.3910
13. Schubert G. Stone analysis. Urol. Res. 2006. V. 34. P. 146 -150.
14. Ansari M.S., Gupta N.P., Hemal A.H., Dogra P.N., Seth A., Aron M., Singh T.P. Spectrum of stone composition: structural analysis of 1050 upper urinary tract calculi from northern India. Int. J. Urol.2005. V. 12. N 1. P. 12-16. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2004.00990.x.
15. Schubert G. Urinary stone analysis / P.N. Rao, G.N. Preminger, J.P. Kavanagh (eds.). Urinary tract stone disease. L.: Springer-Verlag, 2011. P. 341-353.
16. Ryall R.L. The possible roles of inhibitors, promoters, and macromolecules in the formation of calcium kidney stones / P.N. Rao, G.N. Preminger, J.P. Kavanagh (eds.). Urinary tract stone disease. L.: Springer-Verlag, 2011. P. 31-60.
17. Stroup S.P. Urinary infection and struvite stones urinary tract stone disease / S.P. Stroup, B.K. Auge in Rao PN, Preminger GN, Kavanagh JP (eds.). Urinary tract stone disease. L.: Springer-Verlag, 2011. P. 217-224.
18. Carpentier X., Daudon M., Traxer O., JungersP., Mazouyes A., Matzen G., Véron E., Bazin D. Relationships between carbonation rate of carbapatite and morphologic characteristics of calcium phosphate stones and etiology. Urology. 2009. V. 73. N 5. P. 968-975. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2008.12.049.
19. Kajander E.O., Ciftcioglu N., Aho K., Garcia Cuerpo. Characteristics of nanobacteria and their possible role in stone formation. Urol. Res. 2003. V. 31. P.47-54. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-003-0304-7.
20. Wood H.M., Shoskes D.A. The role of nanobacteria in urologic disease. World J. Urol. 2006. V. 24. P. 51-54. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-005-0041-3.
21. Schubert G., Reck G., Jancke H., Kraus W., Patzelt Ch. Uric acid monohydrate – a new urinary calculus phase. Urol. Res. 2005. V. 33. P. 231-238. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-005-0467-5.
22. Strohmaier W.L., Seilnacht J., Schubert G. Clinical significance of uric acid dihydrate in urinary stones. Urol. Res. 2011. V. 39. P. 357-360. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-010-0356-4.
23. Grases F., Sanchis P., Perello J., Costa-Bauzá A. Role of uric acid in different types of calcium oxalate renal calculi. Int. J. Urol.2006. V.13. P. 252-256. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2006.01262.x.
24. Sakhee Kh. Uric acid metabolism and uric acid stones / Kh. Sakhee in Rao PN, Preminger GN, Kavanagh JP (eds.). Urinary tract stone disease. L.: Springer-Verlag, 2011. P. 185-193.
25. Krombach P., Wendt-Nordahl G., Knoll T. Cystinuria and cystine stones / Rao PN, Preminger GN, Kavanagh JP (eds.). Urinary tract stone disease. L.: Springer-Verlag, 2011. P. 207-215.
26. Daudon M., JungersP. Drug-induced renal stones/ Rao PN, Preminger GN, Kavanagh JP (eds.). Urinary tract stone disease. L.: Springer-Verlag. 2011. P. 225-237.
27. Daudon M., Jungers P., Bazin D. Peculiar morphology of stones in primary hyperoxaluria. New Engl. J. Med. 2008. V. 359. N 1. P. 100-103. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc0800990.
28. Kustov A.V., Berezin B.D., Trostin V.N. The complexon-renal stone interaction: solubility and electronic microscopy studies. J. Phys. Chem. B. 2009. V. 113. P. 9547-9550. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/jp901493x.
29. Kustov A.V., Berezin B.D., Strel`nikov A.I. Interaction of a complexing agent with urolith as the basis for efficient little-invasive therapy of phosphaturia. Dokl. Phys. Chem. 2009. V. 428. P.175-177 (in Russian). DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012501609090048.
30. Kustov A.V., Strel'nikov A.I., Moryganov M.A., Zhuravleva N.I., Airapetyan A.O. Kolichestvennyi mineralogicheskii analiz i struktura mochevykh kamnei patsientov Ivanovskoi oblasti. Urologiya. 2016. No. 3. Pp. 19-25 (in Russian)
31. Bazin, D., Leroy, S., Tielens, F. Bonhomme, C., Bonhomme-Coury, L., Damay, F., Le Denmat, D., Jérémy Sadoine, Rod, J., Frochot,V., Letavernie, E., Haymann, J-Ph., Daudon, M. Hyperoxaluria is related to whewellite and hypercalciuria to weddellite: What happens when crystalline conversion occurs? Comptes Rendus Chimie. 2016. V. 19. N 11-12. P. 1492-1503. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2015.12.011.
32. Antonova M.A. Primenenie kompleksa fiziko-khimicheskikh metodov dlya izucheniya mochevykh kamnei i mochi i ustanovleniya svyazi mezhdu nimi [Application of a set of physico-chemical methods to study urinary stones and urine and establish the relationship between them]: PhD Thesis. Moscow: MITKHT. 2015. 154 p. (in Russian)
33. Bichler, K.H., Lahme, C., Mattauch, W., Strohmaier, W.L. Metabolische evaluation und metaphylaxe von harnsteinpatienten. Aktuel Urol. 2000. V. 31. P. 283-293. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-7195.
34. Khan, S.R., Kirk, D.J. Modulators of crystallization of stone salts. Urinary stone disease: the practical guide to medical and surgical management / M.L. Stoller, M.V. Meng (eds.). NJ: HumanaPress, 2007. P. 175-218.
35. Golovanov, S.A., Sivkov, A.V., Anokhin, N.V. Giperkal'tsiuriya: printsipy differen-tsial'noi diagnostiki. [Hypercalciuria: the principles of differential diagnosis.] Ehksperimental'naya I klinicheskaya urologiya. 2015. V. 4. P. 86-92. (in Russian)
36. Kustov, A.V., Strelnikov, A.I., Airapetyan, A.O., Kheiderov, Sh.M. New step-by-step algorithms for diagnosis of calcium oxalate urolithiasis based on a qualitative mineralogical composition of calculi. Clin. Neph. & Urol. Science. 2015. V. 2. P. 1-5. DOI:https://doi.org/10.7243/2054-7161-2-3.
